Approximately 90% of mares foal normally without human assistance. However, most of the 10% that do need intervention do not come to light until labour begins.

This means that each mare needs to be under constant surveillance. Foals entering the pelvic areas in the wrong position need to be rectified as soon as possible. The sooner you take action, the better chance you have of having a positive outcome.

THE PROCESS

Mares close to foaling usually (not always) show signs of milk, relaxation of the pelvic bones and restlessness.

After the foal is born put iodine on the navel which helps to prevent navel infections. Keep a good watch on the mare after foaling for signs of haemorrhage, and the foal for any signs of stress. Also, keep a good eye on the foal’s breathing.

When the foal stands, watch the foal for nursing. An enema may be required if a foal is straining to pass faeces. Some mares can bite and kick their newborn foals, so watch how the mare reacts to her new foal.

MAIDEN MARES

Maiden mares can be slow to cycle early in the year. Blankets, lights on at night, and high-protein feed help to bring them into season.

STALLION SELECTION

If you have, for example, nine mares, in my opinion you should select three first season sires, three proven sires and three unproven sires. This spreads your risk.

FOAL PREPARATION

Foal preparation starts when the mare is sucking the foal. Teach the foal to lead and eat food while still with the mare. If the foal is eating independently when weaned it will lose less condition.